 | | CIRCADIAN CONTROL OF GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS: Insights in mechanisms |
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|
 | | Hypothalamus |
|  | | The Human Biological Clock |
|
 | | Slide 6 |
|  | | Vasopressin-immunoreactivity in a rat hypothalamic slice |
|
 | | Slide 8 |
|  | | Slide 9 |
|
 | | Slide 10 |
|  | | Schwartz et al., Nature, 2000 |
|
 | | So the circadian master clock resides in the hypothalamus, but since the discovery of the clock genes we know that there are…… |
|  | | Slide 13 |
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 | | Slide 14 |
|  | | Slide 15 |
|
 | | Bregma 1.8 mm |
|  | | Slide 17 |
|
 | | Slide 18 |
|  | | Slide 19 |
|
 | | The SCN-pineal circadian axis |
|  | | Slide 21 |
|
 | | Paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) neuro-endocrine output center of the hypothalamus |
|  | | Autonomic PVN neurons |
|
 | | Slide 24 |
|  | | The balance of life |
|
 | | Slide 26 |
|  | | Slide 27 |
|
 | | Slide 28 |
|  | | Slide 29 |
|
 | | Plasma glucose is the resultant of glucose production and glucose uptake |
|  | | Slide 31 |
|
 | | Autonomic innervation |
|  | | Slide 33 |
|
 | | The Trans-synaptic Viral Tracing Technique |
|  | | The Trans-synaptic Viral Tracing Technique |
|
 | | The Trans-synaptic Viral Tracing Technique |
|  | | How does the SCN control glucose metabolism? |
|
 | | Slide 38 |
|  | | Slide 39 |
|
 | | Slide 40 |
|  | | Slide 41 |
|
 | | Slide 42 |
|  | | Effect of SCN ablation on BIC-induced hyperglycemia |
|
 | | Effect of SCN ablation on BIC-induced hyperglycemia |
|  | | SCN terminals on pre-autonomic neurons in the ventral and dorsal paraventricular nucleus |
|
 | | Sympathetic |
|  | | Slide 47 |
|
 | | Slide 48 |
|  | | Slide 49 |
|
 | | Slide 50 |
|  | | Slide 51 |
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 | | Slide 52 |
|  | | Slide 53 |
|
 | | Slide 54 |
|  | | Slide 55 |
|
 | | Time (min) |
|  | | Slide 57 |
|
 | | Plasma glucose is the resultant of glucose production and glucose uptake |
|  | | Yi et al., Submitted, 2008 |
|
 | | Yi et al., Submitted, 2008 |
|  | | 400 μm |
|
 | | Slide 62 |
|  | | Circadian rhythm of orexin levels in the rat CSF |
|
 | | Slide 64 |
|  | | Slide 65 |
|
 | | Slide 66 |
|  | | Slide 67 |
|
 | | Neuronal projections of the orexin system |
|  | | Nature, 2007, 443, 261-263 |
|
 | | Marx, Science, 2003 |
|  | | Marx, Science, 2003 |
|
 | | Arc |
|  | | Ghrelin |
|
 | | SCN |
|  | | Estrogen |
|
 | | The autonomic nervous system is an important gateway for the hypothalamus (incl. the biological clock) to convey its message to the periphery |
|  | | Slide 77 |
|
 | | Orexin stimulates sympathetic preganglionic (liver) neurons |
|  | | SCN |
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